How Insulin Works
Put simply, insulin unlocks the ‘doors’ of cells to let the glucose in and it also suppresses liver glucose production. People with Type 2 diabetes may need supplementary injected insulin if they are insulin deficient and/or insulin resistant as a result of obesity or taking certain drugs, such as steroids, and where diet, physical activity and oral hypoglycaemic agents (OHAs) are no longer sufficiently effective in lowering blood glucose
Normal basal insulin secretion
Normal meal-time insulin
As well as this 24-hour background insulin secretion, there is a burst of insulin at every meal -often called the meal-time bolus.Whenever glucose is released into the bloodstream from food, a matching release of insulin is required for up to two hours in order to move the
glucose into the cells. How long this increased insulin level is needed depends on the type of carbohydrate, its glycaemic index, and the fat content of the meal.
Normal basal insulin secretion
The liver releases glucose at a relatively constant rate all the time, with a slight dip during the night and a surge before dawn.A steady release of insulin is therefore
needed to maintain normal blood glucose levels.
Normal meal-time insulin
As well as this 24-hour background insulin secretion, there is a burst of insulin at every meal -often called the meal-time bolus.Whenever glucose is released into the bloodstream from food, a matching release of insulin is required for up to two hours in order to move the
glucose into the cells. How long this increased insulin level is needed depends on the type of carbohydrate, its glycaemic index, and the fat content of the meal.
mechanism of insulin secretion
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